The Current Generation Of Native Americans - 1238 Words

The current generation of Native Americans does not deserve reparations for what happened to their ancestor because it is unreasonable to say that the current generations of Native Americans are disadvantaged due to the large revenues they generate from gambling. In the United States today, Native American gaming comprises casinos, bingo halls, and other gambling operations on India reservations or other tribal land. These areas are all have tribal sovereignty, which means that states have limited ability to forbid gaming there because of the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act of 1988. Due to the negative affects from large revenues of gambling, Native Americans should not receive reparations for their land. Currently, almost half of American’s†¦show more content†¦Per capita payments are the cash that the tribe distributes each year from its casino profits, which have grown as gaming revenues have risen and can range from as little as a few hundred dollars a year to more t han $100,000. These payments have been shown to have negative affects and could be done in a more positive and effective way. In the study done by the American Indian Law Journal, of the 17 tribes studies that handed casino profits directly to its members, 10 saw their poverty rates rise, and of the 7 tribes that did note, only two saw such an increase. One tribe in northern Washington has eliminated poverty completely, and that tribe does not issue any per capita payments and has used its casino profits to diversify into other businesses. With growing tribal gaming revenues, poverty can become worse through the way casino profits are sometimes distributed through its per capita payments. These payments can be seen as a form of reparations, but they show the negative affects they have on the Native Americans by allowing some of them to be comfortable with living in poverty because of they payments they know they are going to receive from the casinos due to their large profits and th e way casinos distribute them. There are many reasons to link financial problems and crime to the large revenues of gambling. Financial losses are one of the extreme threats and costs to the gambler. This is becauseShow MoreRelatedThe Destruction Of A Culture1277 Words   |  6 PagesTherefore, American culture is a diverse mix of customs and traditions from almost every region of the world. However, any culture with the value of the traditions and beliefs can be greatly weakened when introduced to a new and overpowering culture. It happens quite frequently to families that move to a new city or country with different lifestyles. As a result, the children of these families grow up to not care as much about their original culture s traditions as the older generations do. As weRead MoreThe Death Of The Native American Population1470 Words   |  6 PagesSuicide in the Native American Population of the Northeastern United States While the Native American population encounters many health disparities; of growing concern, is the rates of suicide among these communities. The U.S. National Library of Medicine defines health disparities as â€Å"the variation in rates of disease occurrence and disabilities between socioeconomic and /or geographically defined population groups†. When looking at the Native American population of the northeastern United StatesRead MoreThe Current Condition of Native Americans Essay812 Words   |  4 PagesThe Current Condition of Native Americans When you think of Native Americans, do you just think of what happened to them in the past, or do you think of how they live today and how they are viewed by the people around them? You probably do not think of how the Native Americans are viewed today. There are many Indian organizations out there that help the Native Americans improve their lifestyle and how they live. There has been an expansion in the Indian population since they have beenRead MoreChristianity in Monkey Beach by Eden Robinson1083 Words   |  5 Pagesspirituality takes place in many novels that we have read this semester. Natives has used spiritual guidance as a means of connecting with their past and honoring their ancestors. To Natives, spirits have always played an important role in their culture and everyday lives. 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During the creation of Native American myths, â€Å"there was much in the way of free-range food, but hunting wasnt as easy as getting up in the morning, taking a stroll and shooting a few passing bison withRead MoreThe Dawes Act Of 18871412 Words   |  6 Pagesof the American lifestyle—a lifestyle that failed to coincide with the traditions and culture they possessed years prior to the influx of Americans into western territory. As desire for this territory increased due to economic ventures, and the ultimate desire to expand due to Manifest Destiny, measu res needed to be taken to ensure the land was to be in full possession of the government. Thus, the Dawes Act was enacted in 1887, which allotted new lands to Indians in exchange for American citizenshipRead MoreAnalysis Of La Rose By Louise Erdrich1706 Words   |  7 PagesWorld† and eventually the United States of America, the native people were treated cruelly through many different wars, acts of racism, and displacement of indigenous nations. Despite the brutal history the indigenous people of North America have gone through, in some cases, traditions, languages, and beliefs from previous generations have been kept and remembered. Throughout her novel, La Rose, Louise Erdrich represents authentic Native American history by creating numerous situations in which theRead MoreThe Use Of American Indian Languages On The Decline1542 Words   |  7 PagesUse of American Indian languages is on the decline in the US, and will continue to do so unless a greater pressure is put on language preservation. As an outsider, it is hard for me to watch so many cultures and languages die out, and even harder for those who love their cultures and heritage slowly having lesser importance within their Westernizing lives. While there are many aspects affecting cultural survival from outside the tribes themselves, there is also an internal struggle that outsidersRead MoreCultural Readjustment In The Native American Culture1132 Words   |  5 Pagescontributions made by the Native Americans culture to the present day American culture especially in the major areas of art, governance, language, and food eating habits. On settling in North America for the first time, the Europeans encountered a different and completely unfamiliar culture of the Native tribes who occupied the Northern America. The Native Americans had a well-developed culture which raised a lot of curiosity among the Europeans, which was the same case among the Natives who were astonishedRead MoreVolunteering Events At Csueb. For The Volunteering Assignment,1463 Words   |  6 Pagescollege counselors are then able to share the information learned at this event with their students. This event is filled with information about CSUEB, and community college counselors are able to hear the current information about CSUEB admissions and enrollment. Hearing the current information about CSUEB is valuable to community college counselors work. According to the Northern California Community College Counselor Appreciation Breakfast flier, during this event, community college counselors

Americas Unjust Drug War Essay - 1172 Words

The argument over drug reform and the current prohibition has been going on for years. It seems to be an argument between a wise parent and a young teenager, but as generations change more and more of the parents seem to switch sides. While prohibitionists say the mainstream drugs like cocaine, heroin, LSD, and marijuana are harmful and immoral, legalizers argue the opposite (Rachels 223). While they are both valid and interesting arguments the drugs named above still remain illegal. Many organizations and respected citizens have come to America’s attention in their support for drug reform or complete legalization of certain drugs. These people range from normal citizens who support the recreational use of marijuana to judges and ex- law†¦show more content†¦Some prohibitionists just believe that drugs are immoral. An extremely outspoken opponent of decriminalizing drugs is William J. Bennett who said, â€Å"Law enforcement is not a political option or a policy quest ion; it is a moral imperative† (Gottfried 76). Prohibitionists also believe if drugs were made legal they would be cheaper and more readily available and they are afraid that children could be at risk (Gottfried 77). Citizens who are for the reform of marijuana or any drug have obvious opposite feelings towards the previous statements. First of all citizens for drug reform state that although marijuana causes adverse health effects so do many other activities that are perfectly legal. Should the government outlaw alcohol, tobacco, and having unprotected and promiscuous sex (Rachels 224)? Also, the claim that drugs cause harm to family and friends can be rebutted with the fact that people are harmful to family and friends without the influence of drugs (Rachels 228-229). Alcohol is a completely legal drug and many people are killed in car accidents involving drunk drivers, yet alcohol is still not outlawed. In no way am I condoning driving under the influence, but it is a thought provoking argument. A great argument made by supporters of drug reform is a question posed by Michael Huemer. He says â€Å"is it unjust for the state to punish people without having a good reason for doing so?† ( Rachels 229). With validShow MoreRelatedWar on Drugs in America Essay991 Words   |  4 PagesMichael Huemer: â€Å"America’s Unjust Drug War† In the essay â€Å"America’s Unjust Drug War† by Michael Huemer, Huemer discusses the facts and opinions around the subject on whether or not the recreational use of drugs should be banned by law. Huemer believes that the American government should not prohibit the use of drugs. He brings up the point on drugs and how they harm the users and the people in the user’s life; he proves that the prohibition on drugs in unjust. Huemer believes that drug prohibition isRead MoreMass Incarceration During The United States1322 Words   |  6 PagesMrs. Gallos English 3 Honors 30 March 2017 Mass Incarceration in the United States There are too many people in prison in our country and any people in prison today are non-violent drug offenders. The American war on drugs has targeted people in poverty and minorities, who are more likely to be involved in drug use. This has created a pattern of crime and incarceration and â€Å"...[a] connection between increased prison rates and lower crime is tenuous and small.† (Wyler). The prison system in ourRead MorePresident Richard Nixon s The War On Drugs1335 Words   |  6 PagesStarting in 1971, President Richard Nixon declared the War on Drugs. He stated, â€Å"America’s public enemy number one in the United States is drug abuse. 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The young people of the sixties counterculture movement were successful at awakening awareness on many causes that are being fought in modern AmericanRead MoreAmericas War on Drugs - The Prison Industrial Complex Essay911 Words   |  4 PagesAfter viewing the documentary: Americas War on Drugs - The Prison Industrial Complex, it is clear that the Criminal Justice System is in desperate need of reconstruction and repair with policies such as the mandatory minimum sentencing act which has proven to be unsuccessful and unjust in its efforts to deter criminals from committing illegal acts as seen with the increase of incarcerations of the American people and the devastating effect it has had on those in prison and the family members ofRead MoreThe War On Drugs And America s Drug Problem1878 Words   |  8 PagesSpitz D Block 5/19/2016 The War on Drugs Based on the success and failures of the drug policies of the past, what is the best strategy for the United States to implement to help America’s drug problem? Throughout time, United States drug policy has shifted dramatically. From all drugs being legal to Prohibition and the War on Drugs, the US has had conflicting ideas about what is best for society and American citizens when it comes to drugs. The current War on Drugs has resulted in countless arrestsRead MoreThe Geo Group : A Case For Human Rights Watch965 Words   |  4 Pagescompanies are not really acting like probation officers at all but debt collectors,† says Chris Albin-Lackey, Senior Researcher for Human Rights Watch. Someone can easily be thrown back in jail if they simply get behind on those payments, fail a drug test, miss a parole appointment, or fail to maintain employment. Two thirds of parolees in the year 2000 were sent back to prison from those types of technical violations, rather from actual crimes. In addition, 87% of people in 2008 who were facingRead MoreThe Legalization Of Illegal Drugs1262 Words   |  6 PagesBefore President Richard Nixon declared drug abuse as America’s number one public enemy in 1971, the United States already had a long history of combating the use of illegal drugs. The first of its kind was the legislation that passed in San Francisco in 1875. This newly passed legislation banned the smoking of opium. However, this legislation seemed to be racially motivated. San Francisco citizens believed that Chinese men who resided in the community, and who were highly regarded as opium smokersRead MoreRacial Disparities2051 Words   |  9 PagesRacial Dispariti es in America’s Judicial System The mandatory imprisonment policies written for the judicial system are creating disparity of minority inmate population primarily due to non-violent drug crimes and the unjust mandatory minimum sentencing laws. America’s prisons are the most populated in the world, and they are disproportionately populated by minorities due to the set of mandatory imprisonment policies set in place. Over the past five decades, the disparity between races has widenedRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Frederick Douglass s The Great Principles Of Political Freedom And Of Natural Justice 1723 Words   |  7 Pagesprominent issue that shaped not only America’s history but as well as Canada’s. Slavery played a crucial role in the development of today’s modern day economy. They had implemented labour power imperative to establish and advance the new world coming into place. They provided cheap labour that increased plantation products creating mass consumer markets encouraging European shipping and manufacturing. Despite these advancements slavery was inhuman and has stained America’s history, which is reinforced by

Account and Auditing Planning Memorandum

Question: Discuss about the Account and Auditing for Planning Memorandum. Answer: BEGA CHEESE LIMITED AUDIT PLANNING MEMORANDUM Prepared by : Reviewed by : Date : 1. TERMS OF ENGAGEMENT The audit planning will help to determine and analyse the financial position and risk associated with the company. The terms of engagement shows the terms and condition between the company and the audit firm. Therefore, the auditors will specific guidelines and procedures to handle the engagement (Braiotta, 2004). It refers to the initial stage of the audit during which the firm notifies that the client has accepted the work of audit and clarifies that the firm has understood the purpose and scope of audit. The audit firm ensures that the information provided by the company is fair and accurate that will help to audit the financial statements. 2. BACKGROUND INFORMATION 2.1 Business Risk Factors Financial statement is considered to be helpful for several users as it provide platform to determine the financial health of the company. Business risk is determined based on the financial ratio calculation which is done from the company financial statement (Elliott and Elliott, 2008). 2.1.1 Factors that increase risk Increase in liability and debt of the company increase the current ratio which decreases the chance of the company to meet the current obligation. This lead to the liquidity business risk. Several other key factor also increase the chance of risk such as if auditor manipulate with the profit data increase the chance of solvency as the company will report false profit margin which will throw negative impact on the company overall reputation which will eventually force the investor and other user of the financial data to quit from investing in the fraudulent company (Holton, 2012). Decrease in the finance leverage and return on equity and return on asset increase the chance of the solvency risk as the quick ratio of the company will fall below one. 2.1.2 Factors that decrease risk Increase in the return on asset and return on capital employed increase the revenue which eventually increase the gross profit margin. The company current ratio above one suggests that the company is able to meet its current obligation which decreases the chance of liquidity risk and solvency risk of the company (Paramasivan and Subramanian, 2009). 2.2 Internal Control Environment Internal control environment is broadly defined as one of the primary process which is affected by an entity of the board of director, shareholders and other key management personnel, framed to provide suitable assurance related to the accomplishment of the aim and objective (Saxena et al., 2010). Internal control environment depend on three basic categories which are effectiveness of the operation which specify on basic business objective which consist of profitability and performance aspect. Second is reliability of financial reporting which helps to assure that the financial data is accurate and dependable (Spiceland, Sepe and Nelson, 2011). Third is compliance with applicable law and regulation which deal with complying with the key laws and regulation. Internal control regulate at various level of effectiveness internal control can be easily examined and judged based on the effectiveness of the three basic levels, if the management or board of director have sufficient assurance that they understand the level to which the company operation can be accomplished. The first level of control define that the prepared and published annual report are accurate and reliable to follow. Second the applicable law and the respective regulation are being complied with the laws (Stittle and Wearing, 2008). Thirdly the internal control is a key process which show the overall effectiveness which is considered to be a state or a condition of the key processes a one or more point in time. Control environment is considered to be vital for the organization or any firm as it help to set the tone of the organization which is considered t be primarily influencing the control consciousness of its management. It is considered to be the foundation of the all the other core component of the internal control which help to set the platform for providing the discipline and key structure. 2.3 Risk of Fraud for Bega Cheese Limited 2.3.1 Discuss whether you consider there to be any accounts susceptible to asset misappropriation Asset misappropriation is basically due to the misstatement which leads to the involvement of the theft of entitys asset either through employee or from external source in come peculiar cased however through top management or the internal sources of the organization. Misappropriation of asset is considered to accompany by irrelevant record or manipulative records or the key document in order to once the theft (Holton, 2012). From the overall analysis of the company financial data and statement it is clear that there no such account susceptible to asset misappropriation exist as the company is showing its complete financial data and the financial statement is audited by both internal and external auditor. The external auditor report suggest that the company have maintained the code of ethic and compliance with the accounting standard which helps the comapyn to provide the actual and reliable financial data incurred for the given fiscal year. 2.3.2 Discuss whether you consider there to be any accounts susceptible to fraudulent financial reporting The sales, expense, account receivable and account payable can be misstated in the financial statements. The misstatements can lead to increase or decrease in the value of the company. The misstatements affects the total financial value of the company. 3. PLANNING MATERIALITY 3.1 Brief Justification of materiality base selected and percentage applied The planning materiality will help to analyse the financial situation of Bega Cheese Limited and also helps to provide crucial information to the shareholders. The investors analyses the financial position of the company and take investment decisions. The planning materiality helps to determine the risk of Bega Cheese Limited and it is estimated as per the rules stated by AASB 1031. The materiality misstatement is to be calculated on an appropriate base as well as applying percentage on it. The judgement is based on the value of the financial report of the company (Annual Report, 2016). The percentage materiality is to be estimated on the basis of profit margin of the company. The issue of debt and equity shows the capital structure of the company. The valuation of items included in current liabilities and current assets is to be valued appropriately in the financial position statements of the company. The investors and shareholders attracts towards the company after evaluating the m ateriality of the company. 3.2 Base amount selected and percentage applied The materiality of Bega Cheese Limited is estimated at 0.30%. The materiality level of the organization is as follows: Materiality level = 0.30% * $11666 = $34.99 The planning materiality of Bega cheese limited has been calculated on the basis of net income of the company during a specific period of time. It helps the auditors to determine and evaluate the risk of the organization. The misstatement in the financial report will lead to increase or decrease in the value of the organization. The financial report of a company shows the financial position and market share of the company (Elliott and Elliott, 2008). The main aim of the audit department is to show the actual value of the company as well as determining misstatements in the accounts. The income statement shows the sales, expenses, profit or loss of the company during a specific period of time. References Annual Report, (2016). [online] Available at: https://www.begacheese.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/04-2015-ANNUAL-REPORT.pdf [Accessed 26 Sep. 2016]. Braiotta, L. (2004).The audit committee handbook. New York: Wiley. Elliott, B. and Elliott, J. (2008).Financial accounting and reporting. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Holton, R. (2012).Global finance. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Paramasivan, C. and Subramanian, T. (2009).Financial management. New Delhi: New Age International (P) Ltd., Publishers. Saxena, R., Srinivas, K., Rai, U. and Rai, S. (2010).Auditing. Mumbai [India]: Himalaya Pub. House. Spiceland, J., Sepe, J. and Nelson, M. (2011).Intermediate accounting. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Stittle, J. and Wearing, B. (2008).Financial accounting. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications.

Mongolian Business culture Essays - Asia, Progressive Alliance

Mongolian Business culture By Anning Basic information NAME: Mongolia LOCATION: Asia GOVERNMENT: Mixed Parliamentary/Presidential OFFICIAL LANGUAGE : Khalkha Mongol 90%, Turkic, Russian MAJOR RELIGION(S): Buddhist Lamaist 50%, Shamanist and Christian 6%, Muslim 4%, none 40% MAJOR ETHNICGROUPS: Mongol (mostly Khalkha ) 94.9%, Turkic (mostly Kazakh) 5%, other (including Chinese and Russian) 0.1% Mongolia , located in Northern Asia, between China and Russia is the largest landlocked country in the world. The capital, Ulaanbaatar (Red Hero), is situated in central east Mongolia . The city spreads from east to west along a large wide valley. Urguu , the first capital of the recent Mongolian Empire, was located around 420 km from Ulaanbaatar . It was the home of Zanabazar , who had been proclaimed as head of Buddhism in Mongolia . The Mongolian history has been recorded for centuries in oral epics, sung by bards, until writing was introduced nearly 800 years ago. Little is known about the earliest inhabitants in Mongolia , but archaeological findings of uncovered human remains in the Gobi and other regions are dating back nearly 500,000 years. Agriculture seems to have preceded nomadic herding of animals, and despite Mongolia 's short summers, wheat-growing has co-existed with nomadic life for thousands of years. It was after the Mongols began to tame horses, yaks and camels that they took to a nomadic herding lifestyle. Mongolia gained fame in the 13th century when Chinggis Khan conquered a huge Eurasian empire. After Chinggis Khan was the empire divided into several powerful Mongolian states, but the states broke apart in the 14th century. Mongolia came later under Chinese rule. The country won its independence in 1921 with Soviet backing. In 1924 a communist regime was installed. The MPRP (ex-Communist Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party) won elections in 1990 and 1992, but was defeated by the Democratic Union Coalition in the 1996 parliamentary election. In 2000, parliamentary elections returned the MPRP overwhelmingly to power, and produced a coalition government in 2004. Mongolia consists of 21 provinces and 1 municipality; Arhangay , Bayanhongor , Bayan- Olgiy , Bulgan , Darhan-Uul , Dornod , Dornogovi , Dundgovi , Dzavhan , Govi -Altay, Govisumber , Hentiy , Hovd , Hovsgol , Omnogovi , Orhon , Ovorhangay , Selenge , Suhbaatar , Tov, Uvs , and Ulaanbaatar (municipality). Economic activity in Mongolia has traditionally been based on herding and agriculture. Mongolia has extensive mineral deposits; gold, tungsten, copper, tin, coal, and molybdenum, account for a large part of industrial production. China , Russia and Japan are Mongolia 's main trading partners. Today is Mongolia a modern country where people drive their fancy land cruisers, while talking to their trendy mobile phone. Economic growth has been encouraging, while the elections of 2004 shows that democracy is really ruling the country. Mongolia joined the World Trade Organization in 1997, and seeks to expand its participation and integration into Asian regional economic and trade regimes. MEETINGS AND GREETINGS Greetings are formal and the oldest person is always greeted first. Handshakes are the most common form of greeting with foreigners. Many Mongolians will look towards the ground when greeting someone. BUSINESS PRACTISE Most foreign citizens need a Mongolian visa to enter the country (exceptions; US, Israel , Malaysia , Philippines , Poland and Singapore ). A formal business invitation will also be needed, issued by the Mongolian company. Contact should therefore be made prior to the visa application. Communication is formal. At this stage you should find out: what language your counterpart prefers for the meeting if your counterpart will provide for an interpreter, as Mongolian interpreters may be difficult to find elsewhere in the world Mongolians like doing business with companies they know, so working through an intermediary is crucial. Avoid scheduling appointments close to public holidays. Prepare you presentation in detail. Make handouts, and copies of documents and prospect. Forward presentation material (in the language prefered ) that describe your company, its history, and literature about your products and services. Forward also your agenda and the biography of the representatives in your group. The Mongolians might use intermediaries to ask questions that they would prefer not to make directly. BUSINESS MEETINGS AND NEGOTIATIONS Punctuality is vital, so arrive in time